{"id":263,"date":"2018-07-19T22:16:15","date_gmt":"2018-07-19T19:16:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/?p=263"},"modified":"2022-01-14T16:41:16","modified_gmt":"2022-01-14T13:41:16","slug":"2300-metrede-bir-arastirma-parki-ve-koruma-bolgesi-rainbow-hidtrotermal-alani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/2018\/07\/19\/2300-metrede-bir-arastirma-parki-ve-koruma-bolgesi-rainbow-hidtrotermal-alani\/","title":{"rendered":"2300 Metrede Bir Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Park\u0131 ve Koruma B\u00f6lgesi: Rainbow Hidrotermal Alan\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">-Serhat<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Seferimizin ilk haftas\u0131 geride kal\u0131rken, ilk dura\u011f\u0131m\u0131z olan \u2018Rainbow\u2019 hidrotermal alan\u0131nda gayet ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00f6rneklemeyi geride b\u0131rakt\u0131k. 2300 metre derinlikte bulunan Rainbow, OSPAR konvansiyonu ve Portekiz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \/ Azorlar Deniz Parklar\u0131 \u0130daresi\u2019nin \u00e7izdi\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7eve ile Yery\u00fcz\u00fc\u2019ndeki ilk derin deniz koruma alanlar\u0131ndan bir tanesi ayn\u0131 zamanda. Atlantik\u2019in masmavi, ancak biyolojik olarak da pek \u00fcretken olmayan sular\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda yer alan bu \u00fcretken ekosistem sadece hidrotermalizmin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimyasal enerji ile olu\u015fabiliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-264 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/files\/2018\/07\/Ads\u0131z-e1532027831611.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"285\" \/><span style=\"text-align: center;font-size: 1rem\">Rainbow hidrotermal alan\u0131\u00a0 [Charlou et al., 2002]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Atlantik Okyanusunda ilk hidrotermal alan\u0131n ke\u015ffedilmesiyle birlikte, hidrotermal bacalar\u0131n sadece h\u0131zl\u0131 veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6steren okyanus ortas\u0131 s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda Orta Atlantik S\u0131rt\u0131 (MAR) gibi yava\u015f a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m h\u0131z\u0131na sahip sistemlerde de var olabilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Zaman i\u00e7inde ilk ke\u015ffin ard\u0131ndan Atlantik\u2019te \u00e7ok say\u0131da yeni hidrotermal sistemin ke\u015ffine devam edildi. Bunlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden birisi de Rainbow hidrotermal alan\u0131. Atlantik okyanusunda 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair i\u015faretler bulunmaya ba\u015flansa da bu alanda 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z denizalt\u0131s\u0131 Nautile ile yap\u0131lan dal\u0131\u015flar sonucunda ilk \u00f6rneklemeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi g\u00fcnden bu yana da \u00fczerindeki ilgiyi hi\u00e7 kaybetmemi\u015f \u00f6zel bir alan. Biz de bu \u00f6zel alan\u0131 ziyaret etmek ve bug\u00fcne kadar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 geni\u015fletmek i\u00e7in Horta\u2019dan yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra ilk olarak rotam\u0131z\u0131 Rainbow hidrotermal alan\u0131na \u00e7evirdik.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-273\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/files\/2018\/07\/Ads\u0131z2-e1532029046272.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"277\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Rainbow hidrotermal alan\u0131 ortalama olarak 2300 metre derinlikte kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 100 metre uzunlu\u011funda 200 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde bir alan\u0131 kapl\u0131yor. Bu alan MAR ve yanal at\u0131ml\u0131 bir fay\u0131n ke\u015fi\u015fiminde konu\u015flanm\u0131\u015f durumda, yani tam olarak s\u0131rt ekseninde de\u011fil (bkz. Harita). Yo\u011fun faylanmayla kontrol edilen bir b\u00f6lgede oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yer yer okyanus taban\u0131na mantodaki peridotit gibi demir ve magnezyum oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Peridotit gibi ultramafik kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k alt\u0131nda suyla etkile\u015fimleri <strong>serpentinle\u015fme<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Genel olarak g\u00f6zlemler de Rainbow\u2019daki hidrotermal bacalar\u0131n serpentinle\u015fmi\u015f peridotitlerin \u00fczerinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. B\u00f6lgedeki bazalt ve gabro gibi kaya\u00e7lardaki seyreklik ise s\u0131rt\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgesinde magmatik \u00fcretimin g\u00f6rece az oldu\u011funa bir i\u015faret.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-267 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/files\/2018\/07\/unnamed-3-e1532027904210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Peki hidrotermal s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklleri nas\u0131l? Toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6rneklerde \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz maksimum s\u0131cakl\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 360 <sup>o<\/sup>C, Atlantik hidrotermalizminde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f en y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klardan biri. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda birden fazla etken olabilir. \u0130lk olarak serpentinle\u015fme ekzotermik bir reaksiyon ve sistemi besleyen \u0131s\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131ndan biri, bunun yan\u0131nda bacalardan toplan\u0131lan \u00f6rneklerde y\u00fcksek oranda karbon dioksite rastlanmas\u0131 deniz suyunun derinlerde yolculu\u011fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda magmatik bir etkile\u015fime maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor ve sistem magma taraf\u0131ndan da \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor olabilir. Bu sistemdeki bacalar \u201cblack smokers\u201d olarak nitelendirilen t\u00fcrden, yani bu bacalardan okyanusa ciddi oranlarda metal ve s\u00fclf\u00fcr sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Rainbow\u2019u di\u011fer t\u00fcrlerinden ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerden biri ise Atlantik sisteminde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f en y\u00fcksek demir konsantrasyonuna buradaki bacalarda rastlamam\u0131z ki bu Mustafa hoca\u2019n\u0131n buraya olan ilgisini \u00f6zellikle artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, serpentinle\u015fmenin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak yine y\u00fcksek oranda CH<sub>4<\/sub> ve H<sub>2 <\/sub>\u2018de bu b\u00f6lgeden okyanusa sal\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-271\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/files\/2018\/07\/unnamed-1-e1532028123837.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">B\u00fct\u00fcn bu bulgular Rainbow alan\u0131n\u0131n kimyasal enerji i\u00e7eren molek\u00fcller a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gayet zengin bir yer oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Tam da bu nedenle derin deniz hidrotermalizmi genellikle \u00e7evresinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretken ekosistemlerle de \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f durumda. Rainbow\u2019da da bu canl\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemleyebiliyoruz. O derinlik, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa adapte olmu\u015f midyeler, karidesler ve yenge\u00e7ler bacalar\u0131n etraf\u0131nda ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Bu canl\u0131lar Orta Atlantik S\u0131rt\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda ve ilerleyen yaz\u0131larda derin Atlantik\u2019in canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131ndan da bahsedece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-266 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/files\/2018\/07\/unnamed-2-e1532027925767.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"680\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Yararlan\u0131lan Kaynaklar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Charlou, J. L., J. P. Donval, Y. Fouquet, P. Jean-Baptiste, and N. Holm (2002), Geochemistry of high H2 and CH4 vent fluids issuing from ultramafic rocks at the Rainbow hydrothermal field (36\u00b014N, MAR), Chem. Geol., 191, 345\u2013359.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Sefer ile ilgili g\u00f6rsellerin t\u00fcm haklar\u0131 IFREMER&#8217; e aittir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>-Serhat Seferimizin ilk haftas\u0131 geride kal\u0131rken, ilk dura\u011f\u0131m\u0131z olan \u2018Rainbow\u2019 hidrotermal alan\u0131nda gayet ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00f6rneklemeyi geride b\u0131rakt\u0131k. 2300 metre derinlikte bulunan Rainbow, OSPAR konvansiyonu ve Portekiz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \/ Azorlar Deniz Parklar\u0131 \u0130daresi\u2019nin \u00e7izdi\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7eve ile Yery\u00fcz\u00fc\u2019ndeki ilk derin deniz koruma alanlar\u0131ndan bir tanesi ayn\u0131 zamanda. Atlantik\u2019in masmavi, ancak biyolojik olarak da pek [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3466,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2018-atlantik-seferi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3466"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=263"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/263\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/muyucel\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}