A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve hafiflik kavramlar\u0131, ya\u015fam\u0131n anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorununu \u00e7evresinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilece\u011fimiz bir dikotomi vaat ediyor. Ontolojik felsefeye ait kabul edilen bu iki kavram farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adamlar\u0131 yahut \u00f6\u011fretiler taraf\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 nitelenir durumda. Bu kavramlara mevcut pop\u00fclaritesini kazand\u0131ran ve onlar\u0131n en kapsaml\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren anlat\u0131lar ise Kundera\u2019n\u0131n Var Olman\u0131n Dayan\u0131lmaz Hafifli\u011fi roman\u0131 ve Calvino\u2019nun Hafiflik makalesi. \u0130ki yazar, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve hafifli\u011fin insan hayat\u0131ndaki yeri bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131labilirli\u011fine dair ayr\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere sahip. Ancak iki yazar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mlar, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcrekli tekrar eden, kalabal\u0131\u011fa ait, bireyin \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bo\u011fan; hafifli\u011fe ise \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kendimize \u00fcstlenmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan, \u00f6zg\u00fcn, s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 devinime yaslayan de\u011ferler atfetmekte kesi\u015fiyor. Bu noktada ilgilendi\u011fim sorun, e\u011fer bireye mutluluk vaat edebilen ve onu ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00f6zde bo\u011fucu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtarabilen bir hafiflik varsa, buna nas\u0131l ula\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi ve bu hafif olma halinin nas\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi.<\/p>\n
Bir illuzyon olarak yahut ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir hedef olarak hafiflik, tarihin s\u00fcrekli tekrar eden dokusundan ve kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n beklentilerinden, zaman ve uzama dair k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 a\u015farak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bili\u015fsel bir zafer. Hafiflik, bireyin ya\u015famay\u0131 mecburen s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmedi\u011fine, edimlerini tarihin tekerr\u00fcr\u00fc yahut kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n dayatmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekillendirmedi\u011fine inanabildi\u011fi anlarda deneyimledi\u011fi bir \u00e7e\u015fit co\u015fku yahut huzur. Hafifli\u011fin, Calvino\u2019nun ele al\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki gibi, ula\u015f\u0131labilir kabul edildi\u011fi senaryoda ona ula\u015fmak; ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe dolayl\u0131 yolla bakman\u0131n, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan her rahats\u0131z edili\u015fimizde ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi izlemek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 elde edebilmenin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc elde etmek demek. Calvino\u2019ya g\u00f6re kavramlara ve nesnelere tarih boyunca y\u00fcklenmi\u015f uzla\u015fmalardan s\u0131yr\u0131labilmek, onlar\u0131 ge\u00e7ici olarak da olsa farkl\u0131 bili\u015fsel y\u00f6ntemler ve farkl\u0131 bir mant\u0131kla de\u011ferlendirebilmek hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tek silah\u0131. \u00dczerinde uzla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z anlamlar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde var edilen, ki\u015fiye ait anlamlar elde edebilmek bu anlamlar\u0131n \u00fczerimize y\u00fckledi\u011fi sorumluluklardan ka\u00e7abilmek demek ki s\u00f6z konusu anlamlar Kundera i\u00e7in ya\u015famay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz s\u00fcrece kendili\u011finden solup gitmeye mahkum. Var olu\u015fun bir sorun olan yan\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, bu sorunun olas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn hafiflik oldu\u011fu ko\u015fulda, ki\u015fi kendine ait; kitlesel ve \u00f6nceden kabul edilmi\u015f ger\u00e7eklikler taraf\u0131ndan her defas\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131lan anlamlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ve yeniden in\u015fa ederek mutlu olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015f\u0131yor. Bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle ki\u015fi, soyut d\u00fczlemde elde etti\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 somut ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe ayak bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 her an kaybederek; tasarlamak ve deneyimlemek aras\u0131nda gidip gelen, ya\u015fama at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kendisini tam anlam\u0131yla hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir senaryoyu deneyimlemenin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7emiyor.<\/p>\n
Hafifli\u011fi var olu\u015fun ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sergilenen soyut bir ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma mekanizmas\u0131 yahut edimlerimizin bize ait oldu\u011funa inanarak yan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z anlarda hissetti\u011fimiz ge\u00e7ici mutluluk de\u011fil, var olu\u015fun bir sorun olmaktan \u00e7ok uzak olu\u015funu simgeleyen bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck olarak tasarlamak istiyorum. Bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle, \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc bireyden d\u00fcnyaya do\u011fru de\u011fil d\u00fcnyadan bireye do\u011fru \u00e7izerek onu do\u011fru y\u00f6nde okumay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yorum. Hafiflik, ya\u015fam\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ak\u0131nt\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fczmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan edimlerle elde edilen, her an solup gitmeye e\u011filimli bir tasar\u0131 ise ve ama\u00e7 bu hafifli\u011fi bir \u00e7e\u015fit ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f yahut illuzyon olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde de\u011ferlendirmekse i\u015fe a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yads\u0131man\u0131n bir yolunu bulmakla ba\u015flamak gerekiyor. Benlik alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yitirmenin e\u015fi\u011finde ya\u015fayan birey i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, benli\u011fi yarg\u0131lay\u0131p kendisine benzetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer, bu ki\u015filerin edimleri ve bu ki\u015filerin uzla\u015farak isimlendirdi\u011fi ger\u00e7ekliklerin tamam\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme makinesi. Bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yok say\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bireyin ki\u015filer ve \u015feyler taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli yarg\u0131lan\u0131yor ve s\u0131nan\u0131yor oldu\u011fu var say\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131yr\u0131labilece\u011fini var saymam\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tasarlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m yeni hali tam olarak bu s\u0131yr\u0131lman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilememesinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc deneyimleniyor. Bu yarg\u0131lama ve s\u0131nama, e\u015fya ve di\u011ferlerinin kendinde, kendisi i\u00e7in var olan varl\u0131klar olarak de\u011fil, bireyin de\u011ferleri ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme bi\u00e7imi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anla\u015f\u0131labilmekle sorumlu; bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bireye hizmet eden varl\u0131klar olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 e\u011filiminin bir sonucu. Ki\u015finin alg\u0131lamak istedi\u011fi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, ideal \u2018\u2019kendi\u2019\u2019sini kucaklayan d\u00fcnya tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fczgecinden ge\u00e7ip uyumsuz kalan tasar\u0131lar, bir nevi ki\u015fiye ba\u015f kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oluyor. Bu yolla, ki\u015fi alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm ger\u00e7eklikler taraf\u0131ndan reddedilme yok say\u0131lma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ki\u015finin \u00f6z-kavram\u0131na yabanc\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen canl\u0131 cans\u0131z ne varsa ki\u015finin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda konumland\u0131\u011f\u0131 var say\u0131l\u0131yor. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel duyumsama olan ac\u0131, nesneler d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile ki\u015fi aras\u0131ndaki bu \u00e7eki\u015fmenin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc. D\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken \u00f6zfark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denklemin i\u00e7erisinden \u00e7\u0131karamayan bireyi bu gerilimden kurtarman\u0131n yolu, kendisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki varl\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken kendini unutabilmesinin bir yolunu bulmak. Bu yolla, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin menziline giren t\u00fcm ger\u00e7eklikleri \u2018\u2019kendi\u2019\u2019 ile k\u0131yasa tutarak anlamland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve her seferinde duvara toslamaya mahkum oldu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmaz\u0131 yok edilebilir.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Koray Kurto\u011flu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve hafiflik kavramlar\u0131, ya\u015fam\u0131n anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorununu \u00e7evresinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilece\u011fimiz bir dikotomi vaat ediyor. Ontolojik felsefeye ait kabul edilen bu iki kavram farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adamlar\u0131 yahut \u00f6\u011fretiler taraf\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 nitelenir durumda. Bu kavramlara mevcut pop\u00fclaritesini kazand\u0131ran ve onlar\u0131n en kapsaml\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren anlat\u0131lar ise Kundera\u2019n\u0131n Var Olman\u0131n Dayan\u0131lmaz Hafifli\u011fi roman\u0131 ve Calvino\u2019nun Hafiflik makalesi. \u0130ki yazar, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9100,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-denemeyazilari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9100"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/e242484\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}