Fizik \u20138 \/ c\u2013<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7erik: \u201cSize matters.\u201d ama hangi h\u0131zda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de ba\u011fl\u0131!<\/p>\n
Herhangi bir noktan\u0131n (g\u00f6zlemci de diyebiliriz) konumunun belirlenmesi bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131nkine ba\u011f\u0131ld\u0131r. Bu demektir ki, konum (yer, duru\u015f, \u2018position\u2019) mutlak de\u011fildir. H\u0131z, konumun zaman i\u00e7indeki de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de, mutlak h\u0131z yoktur. Her noktan\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131nkine ba\u011f\u0131ld\u0131r. Madem ki, h\u0131zlar noktadan noktaya yani g\u00f6zlemciden g\u00f6zlemciye farkl\u0131d\u0131r, b\u00f6yle ise, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de g\u00f6zlemciden g\u00f6zlemciye farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir.
\nGalileo\u2019nun \u0130talya\u2019dan verdi\u011fi \u015fu \u00f6rne\u011fi izleyelim. Y\u00fcksek bir kuleden d\u00fc\u015fen ta\u015f (Pek \u00e7ok olay\u0131 cebinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ta\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 ile anlatmay\u0131 severdi.) par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 hemen kule dibinden izleyen bir \u015fah\u0131s serbest d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6zlerken, yolda giden bir araba i\u00e7inden izleyen ba\u015fka bir \u015fah\u0131s ise, geriye do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131lan bir parabol y\u00f6r\u00fcnge g\u00f6zl\u00fcyor olacakt\u0131r. \u00c7evredeki hemen her nesne devinim halinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de, \u00e7evrenin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015fik olacakt\u0131r.
\nBu nedenle de, pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi, g\u00f6r\u00fcng\u00fcler farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ger\u00e7eklerin de farkl\u0131, ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015fir oldu\u011fu san\u0131s\u0131na kap\u0131l\u0131verir kolayca.
\nOysa, tam da burada Einstein, \u015fu basit \u00f6nermeye dayal\u0131 olarak m\u00fcthi\u015f, bir o kadar da devrimsel bir saptama yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cEvren tektir.\u201d
\nE, gayet tabii. Evren tektir. Bunu bilmeyen mi var?
\n\u201cEvren tekse, fizik de tektir. Ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye, g\u00f6zlemciden g\u00f6zlemciye de\u011fi\u015fmez!\u201d \u0130\u015fte bu c\u00fcmlenin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 gayet a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131r, zihinsel sindirimi hi\u00e7 de kolay de\u011fildir.
\nO denli \u2018kolay de\u011fildir\u2019 ki, uzayda es\u00eer (\u2019ether\u2019) olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmak amac\u0131yla Albert Michelson ve Edward Morley\u2019in 1887 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sonra da pek \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik zamanda ve yerde tekrarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 deney olumsuz bir sonuca ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u201cEs\u00eer yoktur. Olsayd\u0131, evrende devinen her \u015feyi o arada \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 da etkileyip D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n devinim y\u00f6n\u00fcne ba\u011f\u0131l olarak \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe yol a\u00e7ard\u0131.\u201d \u015feklinde yorumlanm\u0131\u015f olan bu deney sonucu hakk\u0131nda Einstein \u201cEvren tektir. Fizik tektir. I\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131 tektir.\u201d \u015feklinde ifade edilebilecek bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sahipti.
\nAyn\u0131 deney, farkl\u0131 ki\u015filerde farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\nYine es\u00eer konusu \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta olan Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, rivayet edilir ki, torunuyla bir y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u201cNewton\u2019unki kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015f yapt\u0131m.\u201d demi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen, bug\u00fcn Lorentz D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri olarak bilinen form\u00fcllerin 1892 ile 1895 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda elde edili\u015fidir. (*)
\nEinstein, 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda bas\u0131lan bir makalesinde (**), konuyu tam bir kuram \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131r.
\nEvet, devinen her nesnenin boyu devinim do\u011frultusunda k\u0131sal\u0131r. Ama, boy dedi\u011fimiz, uzaktaki ve yak\u0131ndaki iki noktan\u0131n (diyelim ki, ba\u015f ile ayaklar) e\u015fzamanl\u0131, e\u015fanl\u0131, anda\u015f olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f uzakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri aras\u0131ndaki aritmetiksel farkt\u0131r. Yani, e\u015fanl\u0131 olarak ba\u015f\u0131 (burnu) B uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve ayaklar\u0131 (kuyru\u011fu) da A uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olup ayak_ba\u015f do\u011frultusunda h\u0131zla giden bir insan\u0131n (u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n, roketin) boyu B-A olacakt\u0131r.
\nDurmakta iken de, e\u015fanl\u0131l\u0131k ko\u015fuluna dikkat etmek gerekti\u011fine \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zdaki iki duvar aras\u0131ndaki mesafenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi \u00f6rne\u011finde de\u011finmi\u015f idik.
\n\u201c\u2014Boyunuz ka\u00e7 santim?\u201d sorusunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c\u2014Boyunuzu en son ka\u00e7 santimetre olarak \u00f6l\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fcz?\u201d demek olmaktad\u0131r.
\n\u201cSize matters.\u201d ama hangi h\u0131zda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de ba\u011fl\u0131!
\n\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm konusuna, bir iki yaz\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131yla de\u011finece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
(*) https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lorentz_transformation
\nhttps:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/335727646_Special_Relativity_The_Revival_of_Metaphysics\/figures?lo=1
\n(**) https:\/\/myweb.rz.uni-augsburg.de\/~eckern\/adp\/history\/einstein-papers\/1905_17_891-921.pdf
\nFoto\u011fraftan \u2018screen print\u2019 otomatik terc\u00fcme olana\u011f\u0131ndan yararlanmak i\u00e7in bkz., https:\/\/translate.yandex.com\/?utm_source=yandex&utm_medium=com&utm_campaign=morda<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fizik \u20138 \/ c\u2013 \u0130\u00e7erik: \u201cSize matters.\u201d ama hangi h\u0131zda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de ba\u011fl\u0131! Herhangi bir noktan\u0131n (g\u00f6zlemci de diyebiliriz) konumunun belirlenmesi bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131nkine ba\u011f\u0131ld\u0131r. Bu demektir ki, konum (yer, duru\u015f, \u2018position\u2019) mutlak de\u011fildir. H\u0131z, konumun zaman i\u00e7indeki de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de, mutlak h\u0131z yoktur. Her noktan\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131nkine ba\u011f\u0131ld\u0131r. Madem ki, h\u0131zlar noktadan noktaya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1425,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1425"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=261"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}