\nAma o t\u00fcrden olmayan bir mucize, Karacisim I\u015f\u0131ma \u0130zgesi form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn eldesine yo\u011fun katk\u0131lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilinen Boltzmann\u2019\u0131n veya Planck\u2019\u0131n de\u011fil de onlardan biraz daha gen\u00e7 Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien\u2019in dikkatini, bu izgenin tepe noktas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekmi\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bkz., https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wien_yasas%C4%B1#\/media\/Dosya:Wiens_law.svg
\nO tepenin \u00f6zelliklerini saptamak hayli kolay bir i\u015fti h\u00e2lbuki. O denli kolayd\u0131 ki, \u015fu adresteki \u015fekil \u00fcst\u00fcnde yer alan Karacisim I\u015f\u0131ma \u0130zgesi form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn frekansa g\u00f6re t\u00fcrevini (*) al\u0131p s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fitlemekten ibaretti: https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/2024\/10\/17\/zenodan-einsteina-kuvantum-b\/
\nBu denli basit bir i\u015fi yapmay\u0131 Boltzmann ve Planck ni\u00e7in ihmal etmi\u015flerdi? Bilmiyorum. \u0130htimaldir ki, s\u0131radan, \u00f6nemsiz bir sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fler ve t\u00fcrev alma zahmetine bile giri\u015fmemi\u015flerdi. (**)
\nWien\u2019in kolay bir t\u00fcrev al\u0131p buldu\u011fu ger\u00e7ek, \u015fimdi \u2018Wien Yasas\u0131\u2019 olarak tan\u0131n\u0131yor. Bkz., https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/action\/doBasicSearch?Query=Wien%27s+displacement+law&so=rel ve https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wien%27s_displacement_law ve bu adreslerdeki kaynaklar.
\nWien yasas\u0131
\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/files\/2024\/10\/F6ORTA-1.png\")
<\/a>\nhttps:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wien%27s_displacement_law#\/media\/File:Wiens_law.svg
\nHemen bir \u00fcstteki paragraf ba\u015ftan sona aldatmaca asl\u0131nda. Zira, oradaki grafiklerin hepsi de kuramsal yani form\u00fclden t\u00fcretilme. Bir ba\u015fka deyimle, form\u00fclde \u00f6nce T de\u011feri yerine konmu\u015f ve sonra da tepeler elde edilmi\u015ftir.
\nAma ger\u00e7ek, o paragraftaki a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015flardan hayli farkl\u0131, t\u0131pk\u0131s\u0131 t\u0131pk\u0131s\u0131na \u015fu adresteki G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in ger\u00e7ek, g\u00f6zlemsel (\u2018empirical\u2019) grafi\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibidir: Bkz., https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/en\/download\/article-file\/116445 \u015eekil 1.
\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, G\u00fcne\u015f y\u00fczeyinin her yeri, \u00f6rne\u011fin G\u00fcne\u015f yalazlar\u0131 (G\u00fcne\u015f dilleri), G\u00fcne\u015f lekelerinin her biri ayn\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131kta de\u011fildir. Oralardan gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131malar da \u00fcst \u00fcste binince hemen \u00fcst paragraftaki \u015eekil 1\u2019e benzer karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131lar \u00e7\u0131kar ortaya.
\nSadece G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019te de\u011fil tabii ki, g\u00f6vdesinde b\u00fcnyesinde s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi insan g\u00f6vdesi gibi, t\u00fcm malzemelerden yay\u0131lan Karacisim I\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 \u0130zgesi\u2019nin tepe b\u00f6lgesi hayli karma\u015f\u0131k bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm yans\u0131t\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki, ilgili izgelerin tepelerinden uzakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a profiller birbirine benzeyerek yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r.
\nH\u00fclasa, kat\u0131 olsun, s\u0131v\u0131 olsun, plazma halinde olsun, herhangi bir cismin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saptamak hi\u00e7 de kolay de\u011fil. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc cisim irile\u015ftik\u00e7e s\u0131cakl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 homojen olmaktan uzakla\u015f\u0131r; k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e de s\u0131cakl\u0131k tan\u0131ms\u0131z hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin molek\u00fcl\u00fcn, atomun, par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaz, kinetik enerjisi, potansiyel enerjisi olur.
\nK\u0131sacas\u0131; s\u0131cakl\u0131k, cisimlerin g\u00f6vdesinin, b\u00fcnyesinin, c\u00fcssesinin \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. G\u00f6vde, c\u00fcsse, b\u00fcnye k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse, s\u0131cakl\u0131k tan\u0131m\u0131 da belirsizle\u015fir. Dahas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi tepkiler, sonucun belirsizli\u011fini artt\u0131r\u0131r.
\n\u0130\u015fte, \u2018Thermodynamics\u2019in temel niceliklerinden olan T gayet edna (#) bir parametredir.
\nPekii, T b\u00f6yledir de c yani \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok mu a\u00e7\u0131k, se\u00e7ik ve belirgindir?
\n\u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131 D\u00fcnya ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ve noktadan sonraki ondal\u0131k basamaklar at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak saniyede 299 milyon 792 bin 458 metre kadard\u0131r.(***) Hi\u00e7bir k\u00fctleli cisim \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 a\u015famazsa Cherenkov \u0131\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 nedir? (****)
\nBu konuda s\u00f6z\u00fc uzatmadan, \u015fu minik hususu an\u0131msayal\u0131m; \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n sudaki h\u0131z\u0131 yukar\u0131daki de\u011ferin yakla\u015f\u0131k %75\u2019i (=3\/4)\u2019\u00fc kadard\u0131r. Camdaki h\u0131z\u0131 ise, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve yukar\u0131daki de\u011ferin yakla\u015f\u0131k 2\/3\u2019\u00fc kadard\u0131r (yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 milyon metre\/saniye kadar). Tabii, o suyun ve o cam\u0131n bile\u015fimine (terkip) ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bu son de\u011ferler az \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\n
(*) Dalga boyuna g\u00f6re de t\u00fcrev al\u0131nsa ayn\u0131 sonu\u00e7 elde edilir.
\n(**) Hani, s\u0131k\u00e7a i\u015fitiriz; \u201c\u00d6k\u00fcz alt\u0131nda buza\u011f\u0131 aranmaz!\u201d derler. Herkese \u00f6\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcmd\u00fcr; \u00f6k\u00fcz ararken dahi buza\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131na bakmazl\u0131k yapmay\u0131n, mutlaka bak\u0131n. Belki o \u00f6k\u00fcz, olur a, beklenmedik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zekidir.
\n(***) https:\/\/www-britannica-com.translate.goog\/science\/speed-of-light
\n(****) https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/action\/doBasicSearch?Query=Cherenkov+radiation&so=rel
\n(#) Emrah\u2019\u0131n \u201cBug\u00fcn Ben Bir G\u00fczel G\u00f6rd\u00fcm\u201d t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcne \u00f6yk\u00fcnerek. https:\/\/www.baglamaci.net\/notalar\/eser12932\/bugun-ben-bir-guzel-gordum-1()14436<\/p>\n
Yak\u0131nda: 1) Madde dalgas\u0131z olmaz m\u0131? 2) H\u0131zl\u0131 giden nesnelerin boyu ger\u00e7ekten k\u0131sal\u0131r m\u0131?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fizik \u2013 6 \u2013 \u0130\u00e7erik: \u015eu an G\u00fcne\u015f ka\u00e7 derece? Uluslararas\u0131 bir bilim toplant\u0131s\u0131nda tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m Romanyal\u0131 bir meslekta\u015f, sel\u00e2m vermezden evvel hep \u201cEvren mucizelerle doludur.\u201d der idi, tabii \u0130ngilizce. Ben de bunu her \u015feyi anlay\u0131p kavrayabilecek zihinsel yetkinli\u011fe (hen\u00fcz?) ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuza ba\u011flar, kar\u015f\u0131mdakine \u201cDo\u011fru s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsun.\u201d mealinde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verir idim. Ama o t\u00fcrden olmayan bir mucize, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1425,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1425"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.metu.edu.tr\/caglart\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}